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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u3001\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\uff1a\u57fa\u790e\u67b6\u69cb\u8207\u5168\u7403\u5be6\u884c<\/p>\n

\u81ea1980\u4ea4\u6d41<\/a>\u5e74\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e00\u8d77\u914d\u5408\u8207\u6210\u9577\u7d44\u7e54\u300a\u96b1\u79c1\u7dad\u8b77\u548c\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u6307\u5357\u300b\uff08Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data\uff09\u5c07\u201c\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u201d\u6b78\u5165\u6cd5\u4ee4\u8b70\u984c\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8ddf\u8457\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u6578\u64da\u8cea\u8207\u91cf\u7684\u98c6\u5347\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u7ba1\u8207\u63a7\u4ea6\u6025\u5287\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u622a\u81f32017\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u740364\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u52a0\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u5df2\u8fd190%\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u638c\u63e1\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u7ba1\u675f\u7684\u5168\u666f\uff0c\u7121\u59a8\u5148\u5f9e\u6703\u5546\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u67b6\u69cb\u958b\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u201d\u610f\u6307\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u570b\u969b\u5929\u751f\u96fb\u5b50\u5316\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8a18\u8f09\u88ab\u4ed6\u570b\u5883\u5167\u7684\u79c1\u4e3b\u9ad4\u6216\u516c\u6b0a\u5229\u6a5f\u95dc\u8b80\u53d6\u3001\u5b58\u5132\u3001\u61c9\u7528\u6216\u52a0\u5de5\uff08\u5408\u7a31\u2018\u8655\u7f6e\u2019\uff09\u201d\u3002\u5c31\u6d3b\u52d5\u6a19\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u201c\u8de8\u5883\u6d41\u51fa\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8de8\u5883\u6d41\u9032\u201d\uff1b\u5c31\u8655\u7f6e\u4e3b\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\u821e\u8e48\u5834\u5730<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u201c\u79c1\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8de8\u5883\u8655\u7f6e\u201d\u548c\u201c\u516c\u6b0a\u5229\u6a5f\u95dc\u8de8\u5883\u8655\u7f6e\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u69cb\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u67b6\u69cb\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5728\u201c\u6578\u64da\u9032\u5883\u201d\u7684\u5834\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u5ab3\u5a66\uff01\u201d\u570b\u5ea6\u7ba1\u675f\u8868\u73fe\u70ba\u5c0d\u4e00\u570b\u4e4b\u5167\u5c0f\u6211\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u79c1\u5bb6\u7d44\u7e54\u5c0d\u5883\u5916\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7f6e\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e0a\u3002\u56de\u60f3\u6c57\u9752\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u4fe1\u606f\u5167\u5728\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9019\u7a2e\u201c\u9032\u5883\u7ba1\u675f\u201d\u7a4d\u539a\u6d41\u5149\u3002\u73fe\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f9e\u5370\u5237\u54c1\u7684\u6d77\u95dc\u6aa2\u8a0e\u5230\u570b\u969b\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u652a\u64fe\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u885b\u661f\u6280\u5de7\u7684\u7981\u4ee4\u5230internet\u7684\u201c\u9632\u706b\u58bb\u201d\uff0c\u5f9e\u7f8e\u570b\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5e74\u591c\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u97d3\u570b\u3001\u99ac\u4f86\u897f\u4e9e\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u570b\u5ea6\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3b\u6b0a\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u9032\u9032\u628a\u6301\u4e0d\u8db3\u70ba\u5947\u30021972\u5e74\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u570b\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7d44\u7e54\u300a\u70ba\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u66a2\u901a\uff0c\u64f4\u5c55\u6559\u5c0e\u8303\u570d\u548c\u6210\u9577\u6587\u660e\u4ea4\u901a\u800c\u61c9\u7528\u885b\u661f\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u64ad\u9001\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u6e96\u7e69\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08Declaration of Guiding Principles on the Use of Satellite Broadcasting for the Free Flow of Information, the Spread of Education and Greater Cultural Exchange\uff09\u7b2c6\u689d\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e86\u570b\u5ea6\u5c0d\u6d41\u9032\u4fe1\u606f\u5167\u5728\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u81ea\u7acb\u6c7a\u8b70\u6b0a\u3002\u570b\u969b\u96fb\u806f\u300a\u7d44\u7e54\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c180\u3001181\u6bb5\u4ea6\u91cd\u7533\uff1a\u5404\u6210\u54e1\u570b\u6709\u6b0a\u5c0d\u8feb\u5bb3\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u9055\u80cc\u6cd5\u4ee4\u3001\u59a8\u5bb3\u516c\u5171\u6b21\u5e8f\u6216\u50b7\u98a8\u6557\u4fd7\u7684\u96fb\u5831\u3001\u96fb\u4fe1\u7d50\u675f\u50b3\u905e\u6216\u4e88\u4ee5\u622a\u65b7\u3002\u4e00\u570b\u5c0d\u201c\u6578\u64da\u9032\u5883\u201d\u7684\u7ba1\u63a7\uff0c\u57fa\u790e\u51fa\u4e8e\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u6587\u660e\u5e73\u5b89\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e73\u6613\u8fd1\u65cf\u8a8d\u540c\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u5f62\u72c0\u7b49\u7de3\u7531\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6587\u660e\u591a\u5143\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a72\u7ba1\u63a7\u4e0d\u6210\u9632\u6b62\u5730\u8207\u4ed6\u570b\u7522\u751f\u6c96\u7a81\uff0c2000\u5e74\u96c5\u864e\u7d0d\u7cb9\u7269\u54c1\u62cd\u8ce3\u6848\u4fbf\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u6578\u5b57\u6642\u671f\u628a\u6301\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d41\u9032\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4e4b\u722d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u201c\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u201d\u7684\u5834\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u570b\u5ea6\u7ba1\u63a7\u8868\u73fe\u70ba\u5c0d\u4e00\u570b\u5883\u5167\u7684\u6578\u64da\u88ab\u4ed6\u570b\u5c0f\u6211\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u79c1\u5bb6\u7d44\u7e54\u8655\u7f6e\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u5c07\u8a72\u7b49\u201c\u51fa\u5883\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u201d\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u6578\u64da\u7576\u5730\u5316\u201d\uff08data localization\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u80fd\u5920\u758f\u5ffd\u4e86\u5169\u8005\u5967\u5999\u800c\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u201c\u6578\u64da\u7576\u5730\u5316\u201d\u7684\u8981\u5bb3\u5728\u4e8e\u7576\u5730\u5316\u5b58\u5132\u6216\u8655\u7f6e\u6578\u64da\u6216\u5176\u6b63\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5236\u6b62\u6578\u64da\u88ab\u4ed6\u570b\u8655\u7f6e\u3002\u76f8\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5be6\u884c\u201c\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u7ba1\u63a7\u201d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6599\u5473\u8457\u6578\u64da\u5fc5\u5b9a\u505a\u7576\u5730\u5316\u5b58\u5132\u3002\u6709\u9452\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u201c\u51fa\u5883\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6578\u64da\u7576\u5730\u5316\u201d\u8996\u70ba\u5206\u6b67\u7684\u8ecc\u5236design\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7ba1\u63a7\u985e\u578b\u7d1b\u7d1b\u96dc\u4e82\u3002\u6b64\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b50\u76df\u300a\u666e\u901a\u6578\u64da\u7dad\u8b77\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\uff08GDPR\uff09\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u6700\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3001\u6700\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u7ba1\u628a\u6301\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u70ba\u9632\u6b62\u6b50\u76df\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u7dad\u8b77\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6e1b\u640d\uff0c\u300a\u666e\u901a\u6578\u64da\u7dad\u8b77\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\u7b2c44\u689d\u81f3\u7b2c50\u689d\u5236\u6b62\u5c07\u5883\u5167\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38\u81f3\u7dad\u8b77\u5145\u8db3\u6027\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3001\u7121\u6070\u7576\u5e73\u5b89\u4fdd\u8b77\u8fa6\u6cd5\u3001\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5408\u9069\u7279\u5b9a\u898f\u5916\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u570b\u3002\u6b50\u76df\u7684\u5f37\u786c\u614b\u5ea6\u8868\u73fe\u5728Schrems II\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8a72\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b50\u6d32\u6cd5\u9662\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u300a\u672c\u570b\u8adc\u5831\u76e3\u63a7\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act\uff09\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u80fd\u5920\u8de8\u8d8a\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u62dc\u8a2a\u6240\u50b3\u8f38\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4e14\u7121\u6cd5\u7d66\u6b50\u76df\u5c45\u5e73\u6613\u8fd1\u4f9b\u7d66\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u6fdf\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u5ba3\u4f48\u7f8e\u6b50\u300a\u96b1\u79c1\u76fe\u5354\u5b9a\u300b\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5c31\u975e\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u4f9d\u64da\u300a\u51fa\u53e3\u6cbb\u7406\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\uff08Export Administration Regulations\uff09\u3001\u300a\u570b\u969b\u5175\u5668\u5546\u696d\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\uff08International Traffic In Arms Regulations\uff09\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u675f\u7269\u54c1\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u3001\u6280\u5de7\u3001\u8edf\u4ef6\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u578b\u7684\u975e\u5bc6\u53d7\u63a7\u4fe1\u606f\uff08CUI\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u7576\u5c40\u6279\u6e96\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5411\u672c\u570b\u570b\u6c11\u6216\u5be6\u9ad4\u8868\u9732\u3002\u76e1\u7ba1\u5c1a\u7121\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5ea6\u5468\u5168\u5236\u6b62\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u4f46\u5217\u570b\u805a\u6703\u5834\u5730<\/a>\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u696d\u800c\u65bd\u52a0\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u5b89\u5eb7\u3001\u8ca1\u653f\u3001\u7a05\u6536\u3001\u535a\u5f69\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u8f3f\u5716\u548c\u653f\u52d9\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u6d41\u7a0b\u6216\u8fa6\u4e8b\u800c\u65bd\u52a0\u898f\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u7dda\u7684\u51fa\u66f8\u3001\u8ced\u9322\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u8cb7\u8ce3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

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2. \u95dc\u4e8e\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4e8b\u7531\u7684\u722d\u8b70<\/p>\n

\u5047\u5982\u8aaa\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u548c\u570b\u5ea6\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u6e96\u7e69\u4e4b\u722d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4e8b\u7531\u5c31\u662f\u8a73\u7d30\u898f\u5b9a\u4e4b\u722d\u3002\u9452\u4e8e\u5217\u570b\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8a66\u5716\u5f9e\u5c0f\u6211\u6b0a\u529b\u3001\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u516c\u5171\u6b21\u5e8f\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u56db\u500b\u7dad\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u985e\u578b\u5316\u68b3\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u7dad\u8b77\u5c0f\u6211\u6b0a\u529b\u662f\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u4e2d\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u627f\u8a8d\u7684\u4e8b\u7531\u3002\u7d93\u5408\u7d44\u7e54\u300a\u95dc\u4e8e\u7dad\u8b77\u96b1\u79c1\u548c\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u6307\u5357\u300b\u660e\u6587\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u5404\u6210\u54e1\u570b\u61c9\u64a4\u6d88\u9650\u5236\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u8f49\u79fb\u7684\u570b\u5ea6\u5e76\u7121\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u7dad\u8b77\u898f\u5247\u7684\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u9650\u3002\u8ddf\u8457\u6642\u671f\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u6b50\u76df\u4ee5\u300a\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u6b0a\u689d\u7d04\u300b\u70ba\u57fa\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5c07\u201c\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u53d7\u7dad\u8b77\u6b0a\u201d\u4e0a\u5347\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5236\u7d04\u6578\u64da\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u4f86\u7531\u30022013\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9e\u592a\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e00\u8d77\u914d\u5408\u7d44\u7e54\u300a\u8de8\u5883\u96b1\u79c1\u898f\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7d71\u300b\u7570\u6a23\u5c07\u201c\u5c0f\u6211\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u8207\u5e73\u5b89\u6a39\u7acb\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7fa9\u7684\u7dad\u8b77\u201d\u4f5c\u70ba\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u66a2\u901a\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u662f\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u7531\u6559\u5b78<\/a>\u3002\u975e\u8ad6\u662f\u300a\u8fa6\u4e8b\u5546\u696d\u7e3d\u5354\u5b9a\u300b\uff08GATS\uff09\u548c\u300a\u6280\u5de7\u6027\u5546\u696d\u58c1\u58d8\u5354\u8b70\u300b\uff08TBT\uff09\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u300a\u5468\u5168\u8207\u63d0\u9ad8\u8de8\u627f\u5e73\u6d0b\u4f19\u4f34\u95dc\u7cfb\u5354\u8b70\u300b\uff08CPTPP\uff09\uff0c\u5747\u79c9\u627f\u201c\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u7834\u4f8b\u201d\uff08National Security Exceptions\uff09\u6e96\u7e69\uff0c\u5217\u570b\u4e0d\u5f97\u63a5\u6536\u6216\u8acb\u6c42\u4ed6\u570b\u4f9b\u7d66\u9055\u80cc\u5176\u570b\u5ea6\u4e3b\u8981\u5e73\u5b89\u597d\u8655\u4e4b\u4fe1\u8521\u4fee\u7acb\u5373\u5f4e\u4e0b\u819d\u84cb\uff0c\u9ed8\u9ed8\u9053\u8b1d\u3002\u606f\u3002\u5728\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u7684\u5834\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u4ee5\u91d1\u878d\u5e73\u5b89\u3001\u570b\u9632\u3001\u6838\u4e0d\u5206\u6563\u76ee\u7684\u7b49\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u70ba\u7531\u9650\u5236\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\uff0c\u201c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u4e91\u201d\u7528\u4e8e\u8caf\u5b58\u548c\u8655\u7f6e\u516c\u5171\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u6cd5\u9662\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u8a34\u8a1f\u76f8\u5e72\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u5f97\u50b3\u8f38\u5883\u5916\u3002\u5728\u201c\u6578\u64da\u8abf\u53d6\u201d\u7684\u5834\u5171\u4eab\u6703\u8b70\u5ba4<\/a>\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u6b50\u201c\u5e73\u5b89\u6e2f\u5354\u5b9a\u201d\u4e2d\u660e\u767d\u5c07\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\uff08\u5982\u53cd\u6050\u3001\u6536\u96c6\u6230\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u7279\u52d9\u7b49\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u7834\u4f8b\u3002\u97ff\u61c9\u5730\uff0c\u68f1\u93e1\u9580\u6253\u7b97\u66dd\u5149\u540e\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u9632\u8303\u672c\u570b\u76e3\u63a7\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u6210\u70ba\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u95dc\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u6b21\u5e8f\u662f\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u63a7\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e8b\u7531\u3002\u300a\u8de8\u627f\u5e73\u6d0b\u4f19\u4f34\u95dc\u7cfb\u5354\u8b70\u300b\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e3b\u8981\u570b\u969b\u5546\u696d\u5354\u8b70\u5747\u5c07\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u7684\u201d\u4f5c\u70ba\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u7834\u4f8b\u3002\u76f8\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u6b50\u76df\u300a\u975e\u5c0f\u6211\u6578\u64da\u5728\u6b50\u76df\u5883\u5167\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u6846\u67b6\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\u4e5f\u5c07\u201c\u516c\u5171\u5e73\u5b89\u7de3\u7531\u201d\u4f5c\u70ba\u6578\u64da\u6d3b\u52d5\u9650\u5236\u6216\u5236\u6b62\u6839\u64da\u3002\u4f46\u4f5c\u751a\u201c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u6216\u201c\u516c\u5171\u5e73\u5b89\u201d\uff1f\u5c31\u201c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7121\u59a8\u9452\u6212GATS\u666e\u901a\u7834\u4f8b\u689d\u76ee\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u9032\u4e00\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u201c\u516c\u5171\u54c1\u5fb7\u201d\u548c\u201c\u516c\u5171\u6b21\u5e8f\u201d\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u7cfb\u4e00\u570b\u652f\u6490\u7684\u5c0d\u7684\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7cfb\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u6703\u57fa\u790e\u500b\u4eba\u7a7a\u9593<\/a>\u597d\u8655\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002\u64da\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u6578\u64da\u51fa\u5883\u201d\u7684\u5834\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u570b\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u51a4\u4ec7\u8ac7\u5410\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u8272\u60c5\u6deb\u7a62\u3001\u5e73\u6613\u8fd1\u65cf\u8f15\u8996\u3001\u53cd\u4eba\u6027\u7b49\u4e8b\u7531\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u6578\u64da\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u5c31\u201c\u516c\u5171\u5e73\u5b89\u201d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4f9d\u64da\u300a\u6b50\u76df\u904b\u4f5c\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u7b2c52\u689d\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5211\u4e8b\u72af\u6cd5\u7684\u5075\u5bdf\u3001\u544a\u72c0\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fdd\u8b77\u570b\u5ea6\u6a5f\u95dc\u3001\u516c\u5171\u8fa6\u4e8b\u3001\u751f\u9f52\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b49\u57fa\u790e\u793e\u6703\u597d\u8655\u548c\u4ea4\u969b\u95dc\u7cfb\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u597d\u8655\u7b49\u570b\u5ea6\u597d\u8655\u3002\u64da\u6b64\uff0c\u5211\u4e8b\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u8de8\u5883\u6578\u64da\u8abf\u7372\u5f97\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u6e96\u7e69\u8207\u6578\u64da\u5e73\u5b89\u6d3b\u52d5\u6e96\u7e69<\/p>\n

\u9762\u81e8\u5217\u570b\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6e96\u7e69\u548c\u7ba1\u63a7\u4e8b\u7531\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u300a\u6578\u64da\u5e73\u5b89\u6cd5\uff08\u8349\u6848\uff09\u300b\u521d\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u6578\u64da\u5e73\u5b89\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u201d\u6e96\u7e69\uff0c\u9019\u65e2\u5f70\u986f\u51fa\u5728\u9006\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u5e73\u6613\u8fd1\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9f13\u8d77\u7684\u6f6e\u6c34\u4e0b\u6211\u570b\u4fdd\u6301\u5c0d\u5916\u958b\u653e\u8207\u570b\u969b\u4e00\u8d77\u914d\u5408\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u614b\u5ea6\uff08\u201c\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u5f70\u986f\u51fa\u5c0d\u570b\u5ea6\u5e73\u5b89\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u95dc\u5fc3\uff08\u201c\u6578\u64da\u5e73\u5b89\u201d\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u82e5\u4f55\u61c2\u5f97\u9019\u4e00\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u5883\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u8a08\u5283\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u8a66\u5716\u5c07\u4e4b\u62c6\u89e3\u70ba\u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u6e96\u7e69\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5e73\u5b89\u6d3b\u52d5\u6e96\u7e69\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u5206\u6790\u6a5f\u7406\u548c\u8fa8\u660e\u610f\u860a\u3002<\/p>\n

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1. \u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u69cb\u9020<\/p>\n

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\u6536\u96c6\u7a7a\u9593\u201c\u7121\u570b\u754c\u6027\u201d\u4ea6\u88ab\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6240\u627f\u8a8d\u3002\u5728American Library Ass\u2019n v. Pataki\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4ee5\u70ba\u5c0f\u6a39\u5c4b<\/a>\uff1a\u201cinternet\u5354\u5b9a\u65e8\u5728\u758f\u5ffd\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a18\u8f09\u5730\u8f3f\u5730\u4f4d\u3002internet\u5c0d\u5730\u8f3f\u5730\u4f4d\u5b8c\u6574\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u3002internet\u7528\u6236\u65e2\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u95dc\u61f7\u4ed6\u5011\u62dc\u8a2a\u6536\u96c6\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u201d\u800c\u5728\u6536\u96c6\u6cd5\u5960\u5b9a\u6027\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6234\u7dad\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u905c\uff08David Johnson\uff09\u548c\u6234\u7dad\u00b7\u6ce2\u65af\u7279\uff08David Post\uff09\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u884c\u52d5\u5177\u6709\u885d\u7834\u570b\u754c\u7dda\u5236\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u5c0d\u8de8\u8d8a\u7269\u7406\u570b\u754c\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u6578\u64da\u66a2\u901a\u505c\u6b62\u628a\u6301\u6642\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u4ecd\u4ee5\u7a7a\u9593\u4f5c\u70ba\u7ba1\u675f\u8303\u570d\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u76e1\u529b\u5f88\u80fd\u5920\u662f\u767d\u8cbb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u8b1b\u5ea7\u5834\u5730<\/a> \u6578\u64da\u4e0d\u53d7\u62d8\u675f\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u201c\u4e8b\u7269\u5be6\u8cea\u201d<\/p>\n

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